TEMPO.CO, Jakarta - The Indonesian Ministry of Health expressed concerns over the increasing number of Indonesian Hajj pilgrims affected by pneumonia during their pilgrimage in the Holy Land.
As of May 20, 2025, a total of 99 Indonesians were reported to have contracted acute respiratory infections.
"Out of the 99 pneumonia cases, one pilgrim has died. This must be anticipated, as pneumonia can develop into a serious condition if not promptly addressed," said the Head of Hajj Health Center, Liliek Marhaendro Susilo, in a statement quoted on Friday, May 23, 2025.
Liliek stated that pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs that can be caused by bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. The crowded environment and extreme temperatures in Saudi Arabia could exacerbate the risk of transmission.
All patients are currently receiving intensive care in referral hospitals in Mecca and Medina.
According to real-time data from the Indonesian Hajj Health Information System (KKHI), the air temperature in the two holy cities ranges between 41 and 47 degrees Celsius. "The hot temperature can lead to dehydration. Insufficient body fluids can lead to a weakened immune system, making it more susceptible to infection," said Liliek.
He mentioned four main risk factors that can trigger pneumonia among pilgrims, namely extreme heat, physical exhaustion due to the series of religious rituals, crowded masses, and a history of underlying illnesses such as diabetes, hypertension, or heart disease.
The Indonesian Hajj Health Office urges pilgrims to maintain their health, including wearing masks in crowded areas, regularly washing hands, staying hydrated by consuming two liters of plain water or Zamzam water per day, and not skipping regular medication for those with comorbidities.
"Don't wait until you feel very ill. If you feel unwell, report to the health officials immediately," said Liliek. He also reminded pilgrims to conserve their energy approaching the peak of the Hajj pilgrimage in Arafat. "Reduce the repeated voluntary worship for now. Save your energy for the obligatory ones."
Liliek emphasized that the pilgrims' health is a top priority. He called for all parties to cooperate so the Hajj pilgrimage could proceed smoothly, and all pilgrims could return to their homeland in good health.
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