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March 19, 2025 | 11:24 am
PEDRO Jos Domingo de la Calzada Manuel Mara Lascurin Paredes is a political figure in Mexico who made history as the world's shortest-serving president. On February 19, 1913, this President of Mexico served for only 45 minutes before handing over power to Victoriano Huerta in an event known as a strategically planned coup.
Background of Pedro Lascurain
As reported by Britannica, Pedro Lascurain was born on May 8, 1856 in Mexico City. He came from a prominent family and had connections with influential political figures. Before becoming president, Lascurin was known as a lawyer and politician who served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs in the government of President Francisco Madero. He also served as the mayor of Mexico City.
Pedro Lascurin Paredes was the fourth of seven siblings. His siblings were Francisco, Mara de los Angeles, and Jos, while his younger siblings were Mara de los Dolores, Mara, and Ignacio. Meanwhile, Lascurin's maternal grandfather was Mariano Paredes y Arrillaga, who served as the 15th President of Mexico from 1845 to 1846.
Mexican Revolution and Coup
In the early 20th century, Mexico experienced a period of political instability known as the Mexican Revolution. President Francisco Madero faced pressure from various parties, including from General Victoriano Huerta. In February 1913, Huerta launched a military coup known as the Ten Tragic Days, which led to the resignation of Madero and Vice President Jos Mara Pino Surez.
Lascurin, who was serving as the Minister of Foreign Affairs at the time, was the third person in the line of presidential succession according to the 1857 Mexican Constitution. In a scenario orchestrated by Huerta, Lascurin was appointed as president, only to immediately hand over power to Huerta within minutes.
45-Minute Term
As reported by The Guardian, on February 19, 1913, the coup known as the Ten Tragic Days occurred, where General Victoriano Huerta colluded with the United States Ambassador to Mexico, Henry Lane Wilson, to overthrow Madero. The coup began with staged battles intended to create instability and pressure Madero and his vice president, Jos Mara Pino Surez, to resign. They were eventually forced to sign their resignations and were later killed.
As the Mexican constitution at the time stipulated that the line of presidential succession was filled by the Vice President, Attorney General, Minister of Foreign Affairs, and Minister of the Interior in that order, the position of president fell to Lascurain, who was then serving as the Minister of Foreign Affairs. However, his goal was only one: to appoint Huerta as the Minister of the Interior, making him the legitimate successor to the presidency. After doing so, Lascurain promptly resigned, and Huerta took over power.
After this event, Huerta offered a position in his cabinet to Lascurin, but he refused and chose to return to the legal profession. He later became a director at Escuela Libre de Derecho, a conservative law school in Mexico City, for 16 years. Pedro Lascurin spent the rest of his life as an academic and passed away on July 21, 1952 in Mexico City.
Despite serving for a very short period, Pedro Lascurin's role in Mexican history remains significant. He became part of one of the most famous coups in the country.
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