January 28, 2026 | 04:40 pm
TEMPO.CO, Jakarta - South Korea has officially enacted a series of significant laws regulating artificial intelligence (AI), putting it ahead of other countries worldwide. This move places South Korea at the forefront of global technology regulation, even surpassing the European Union.
South Korea's AI regulation takes the form of a law known as the AI Basic Act. South Korea mandates strict human supervision of high-risk AI systems through this legal framework, such as nuclear technology, transportation, healthcare services, and water supply.
Furthermore, the use of AI in the financial sector, such as credit evaluation and loan screening, also requires human intervention to prevent fatal errors. According to a report from GSM Arena, companies must ensure human oversight for high-impact AI.
The regulation also demands full transparency from companies to consumers regarding the use of AI technology. Companies are required to notify users in advance about products or services that utilize generative AI.
To allow the industry time to adapt, the South Korean government has set a one-year grace period before penalty fines take effect. Although this regulation is intended to promote safety, it has sparked concerns among local startup companies. They are worried that the provisions, which are considered somewhat vague in the law, could potentially hinder innovation.
South Korea's claim as a global pioneer in regulation highlights the fundamental differences between ethical guidelines and legally binding laws. Several countries, including Indonesia, have issued ethical guidelines for artificial intelligence through the Ministry of Communication and Information Regulation No. 9 of 2023. However, these rules are merely guidelines and do not carry direct administrative sanctions.
Read: EU Opens Probe Into Elon Musk's Grok Chatbot
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