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November 22, 2024 | 03:06 pm
TEMPO.CO, Jakarta - Established in 1998, the International Criminal Court (ICC) serves as a prominent international body to deal with crimes committed during armed conflicts. To be precise, the Court investigates and, when warranted, prosecutes individuals accused of the most serious crimes of concern to the international community, such as genocide.
Throughout its history, the ICC has issued several arrest warrants, some of which have implicated world leaders. Most recently, the Court issued an arrest warrant against Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu on charges of involvement in acts of murder.
Let's take a look at some of the names on the ICC arrest warrant list, which include Russian President Vladimir Putin and the notorious Muammar Gaddafi, citing the ICC's official website, Reuters, and other sources.
1. Vladimir Putin
Russian President Vladimir Putin is among the figures on the ICC arrest warrant list. The warrant was issued by the ICC in March 2023. The Russian leader was charged with the war crime of unlawful deportation and transfer of population, notably children, from the occupied areas of Ukraine to the Russian Federation.
The ICC also believed that there were reasonable grounds to believe that Putin was criminally responsible for committing the crime, either directly or jointly, as well as for failing to exercise proper control over civilian and military subordinates who committed the acts.
2. Muammar Gaddafi
Muammar Gaddafi was the de facto leader of Libya from 1969 until his assassination in August 2011. The Hague-based court issued an arrest warrant for Gaddafi on June 27, 2011.
The leader of Libya was charged with two counts of crimes against humanity allegedly committed in Libya in 2011. However, the ICC terminated the case on November 22, 2011, following his death.
3. Omar Al-Bashir
The former president of Sudan, Omar Al-Bashir, was the subject of arrest warrants issued on March 4, 2009 and July 12, 2010. According to the ICC, he was accused of committing crimes against humanity, war crimes, and even genocide.
In particular, Al-Bashir was charged with five counts of humanity crimes, namely murder, extermination, forcible transfer, torture, and rape; two counts of war crimes, namely intentional attack against civilians and pillaging; and three counts of genocide.
4. Joseph Kony
Joseph Kony was the leader of the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) in Uganda in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, according to Britannica. The ICC issued a warrant for his arrest on July 8, 2005.
Kony was suspected of 36 counts of war crimes and crimes against humanity, allegedly committed in northern Uganda between at least July 1, 2002, and December 31, 2005. As mentioned on the ICC's official website, Kony remains at large to this day.
5. Benjamin Netanyahu
The most recent world leader to be added to the ICC arrest warrant list is Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. Reuters reported that the warrant was issued on November 21, 2024, accusing Netanyahu of complicity in war crimes and crimes against humanity in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
The ICC judges perceived that there were reasonable grounds to believe that Netanyahu was criminally responsible for the use of murder, persecution, and deliberate starvation as weapons of war against the civilian population of Gaza.
In this regard, however, Israel has rejected the jurisdiction of the Court and denies that war crimes were committed in Gaza. Israel has said it killed Al-Masri, also known as Mohammed Deif, in an airstrike, but Hamas has neither confirmed nor denied this.
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